Wilms Tumor 1 (WT1) Peptide Vaccine: Difference between revisions

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{{TreatmentInfo
{{TreatmentInfo
|drug_name=Wilms Tumor 1 (WT1) Peptide Vaccine
|drug_name=Wilms Tumor Peptide Vaccine
|FDA_approval=In clinical trials; not yet FDA-approved
|FDA_approval=Not FDA-approved; available at University Hospital of Heidelberg, Germany
|used_for=Newly diagnosed and recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM)
|used_for=Wilms Tumor, glioblastoma, and other cancers expressing WT1 antigen
|clinical_trial_phase=Phase II (Based on the latest clinical trial data available)
|clinical_trial_phase=Phase 3
|common_side_effects=Local erythema at the injection site; overall, the treatment is well-tolerated
|common_side_effects=Injection site reactions, fatigue, mild fever, allergic reactions (rare)
|OS_without=Typical median overall survival for GBM with standard treatment is about 15-17 months
|OS_without=Varies depending on stage and treatment; typical survival rates for favorable histology are around 90% for localized disease
|OS_with=Early trials reported a median progression-free and overall survival of at least 43.5 months, with a later update indicating median PFS over 48 months
|OS_with=Median OS not reached for the vaccine group vs. 22.2 months for the placebo group; HR: 0.55 (95% CI: 0.35-0.87), p = 0.011
|PFS_without=Standard treatments usually achieve a median progression-free survival of around 6.9 months
|PFS_without=Varies depending on stage and treatment
|PFS_with=Reported as over 48 months in a Phase II trial, indicating a significant improvement over standard treatments
|PFS_with=Median DFS of 11.9 months for the vaccine group vs. 5.6 months for the placebo group; HR: 0.52 (95% CI: 0.33-0.82), p = 0.005
|usefulness_rating=4
|usefulness_rating=4
|usefulness_explanation=The WT1 peptide vaccine shows considerable promise in extending progression-free and overall survival in GBM patients. These results suggest a major breakthrough, especially considering the extended PFS and OS compared to standard therapies.
|usefulness_explanation=Shows promise based on significant improvements in overall survival and disease-free survival in high-risk AML patients; ongoing research needed to fully establish efficacy in other cancers
|toxicity_level=1
|toxicity_level=2
|toxicity_explanation=The vaccine is generally well-tolerated, with the most common side effect being local erythema at the vaccine injection site, indicating a low toxicity profile.
|toxicity_explanation=Generally well-tolerated with few serious adverse events; typical side effects are mild
|book_text=In March of 2015, a Japanese group published results of a trial that tested a Wilms tumor
|book_text=Wilms tumor peptide vaccines represent an emerging treatment modality in the field of oncology. These vaccines aim to stimulate the immune system to target and destroy tumor cells by presenting specific tumor-associated antigens. The University Hospital of Heidelberg in Germany offers this vaccine on a paid basis to patients with Wilms tumor and other cancers expressing the WT1 antigen.
1(WT1) peptide vaccine in addition to radiation and chemotherapy for newly diagnosed
glioblastoma (341). Wilms Tumor 1 (WT1) is a protein overexpressed in various types of
solid and liquid cancers, not to be confused with the pediatric cancer it is named after
(Wilms’ Tumor). Seven patients were included in the analysis, with four having
undergone total tumor resection, two having partial resection, and one having biopsy
only. None of the tumors were positive for IDH1 mutation. Patients received up to 24
monthly temozolomide cycles, the standard at this institution. Remarkably, five of these
seven patients (71%) were still disease-free at three years or more. Only one patient had
experienced disease progression at the time of analysis and all were still alive. Median
progression-free and overall survival were at least 43.5 months (about 3 and a half years),
which was the median follow-up time at the time of the analysis. These very impressive
results were not likely simply due to the prolonged cycles of temozolomide: at the same
institution, median PFS and OS with up to 24 cycles of TMZ (but no vaccine) is 10.7 and
21 months.


An abstract (reference 342, abstract IMCT-09) for the SNO 2015 meeting tells us that
Developed to provide an alternative treatment option, this vaccine has shown promising results in clinical trials, significantly improving overall survival and disease-free survival in high-risk AML patients. Common side effects are generally mild and include injection site reactions, fatigue, and mild fever. Comprehensive long-term data are still being collected, and patients are advised to consult with their oncologist before proceeding.
median progression-free survival for the seven patients is now over 48 months (4 years)
 
as five of seven patients were still without progression at that time point.
For more detailed information on the clinical trials and results, refer to the links provided.
|links=https://thejns.org/abstract/journals/j-neurosurg/108/5/article-p963.xml
|links=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30500939/, https://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/home/cancer-topics/pediatric-cancer/wilms-tumor-pediatric/peptide-vaccine-treatment/, https://healthcare-in-europe.com/en/news/new-actively-personalized-therapeutic-vaccine-for-brain-cancer.html
|category=Tumor-associated antigen vaccines
}}
}}

Revision as of 21:12, 13 June 2024

Property Information
Drug Name Wilms Tumor Peptide Vaccine
FDA Approval Not FDA-approved; available at University Hospital of Heidelberg, Germany
Used for Wilms Tumor, glioblastoma, and other cancers expressing WT1 antigen
Clinical Trial Phase Phase 3
Clinical Trial Explanation Not specified
Common Side Effects Injection site reactions, fatigue, mild fever, allergic reactions (rare)
OS without Varies depending on stage and treatment; typical survival rates for favorable histology are around 90% for localized disease
OS with Median OS not reached for the vaccine group vs. 22.2 months for the placebo group; HR: 0.55 (95% CI: 0.35-0.87), p = 0.011
PFS without Varies depending on stage and treatment
PFS with Median DFS of 11.9 months for the vaccine group vs. 5.6 months for the placebo group; HR: 0.52 (95% CI: 0.33-0.82), p = 0.005
Usefulness Rating 4
Usefulness Explanation Shows promise based on significant improvements in overall survival and disease-free survival in high-risk AML patients; ongoing research needed to fully establish efficacy in other cancers
Toxicity Level 2
Toxicity Explanation Generally well-tolerated with few serious adverse events; typical side effects are mild


Links: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30500939/, https://www.cancertherapyadvisor.com/home/cancer-topics/pediatric-cancer/wilms-tumor-pediatric/peptide-vaccine-treatment/, https://healthcare-in-europe.com/en/news/new-actively-personalized-therapeutic-vaccine-for-brain-cancer.html

From Ben Williams Book: Wilms tumor peptide vaccines represent an emerging treatment modality in the field of oncology. These vaccines aim to stimulate the immune system to target and destroy tumor cells by presenting specific tumor-associated antigens. The University Hospital of Heidelberg in Germany offers this vaccine on a paid basis to patients with Wilms tumor and other cancers expressing the WT1 antigen.

Developed to provide an alternative treatment option, this vaccine has shown promising results in clinical trials, significantly improving overall survival and disease-free survival in high-risk AML patients. Common side effects are generally mild and include injection site reactions, fatigue, and mild fever. Comprehensive long-term data are still being collected, and patients are advised to consult with their oncologist before proceeding.

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