Silibinin (an ingredient in Milk Thistle)

Property	Information
Drug Name	Silibinin (Silymarin)
FDA Approval	No
Used for	Liver and biliary disorders, adjunct agent in cancer treatment
Clinical Trial Phase	Investigated primarily in hepatitis and cirrhosis; small studies in cancers such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia, prostate cancer, breast cancer, head and neck cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma
Clinical Trial Explanation	Not specified
Common Side Effects	Few reported; mainly gastrointestinal disturbances
OS without	Not specified
OS with	Not specified
PFS without	Not specified
PFS with	Not specified
Usefulness Rating	Under investigation; shown to have anti-cancer effects in laboratory studies
Usefulness Explanation	Not specified
Toxicity Level	Low
Toxicity Explanation	Silibinin is considered to have few side effects, with gastrointestinal disturbances being the most common.

Notes: Silibinin, the active component of Milk Thistle, has shown potential in stabilizing cellular membranes, stimulating detoxification pathways, and inhibiting cancer cell growth in laboratory studies. It has a long history of use for liver and biliary disorders. Clinical trials in cancer are limited but suggest a potential role in enhancing chemotherapy efficacy and reducing toxicity.

Links: * [Milk Thistle (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version - NCI](https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/cam/hp/milk-thistle-pdq)

From Ben Williams Book: Silibinin (an ingredient of Milk Thistle)

Silymarin is an extract from the milk thistle plant that has been used extensively in Europe as an antidote for liver toxicity, due to mushroom poisoning and overdoses of tylenol. Its active ingredient is a molecule called silibinin. Recently a great deal of laboratory research has shown it to have anti-cancer effects, which recently have been reviewed (275). Like genistein and quercetin it is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, but it appears to have multiple other effects, including the inhibition of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) that contributes to the development of chemoresistance (276) (see the section on tamoxifen), and the inhibition of angiogenesis (277). It also inhibits the 5- lipoxygenase inflammatory pathway and suppresses nuclear factor kappa B, which is a primary antagonist to apoptosis (278). It also appears to protect against common chemotherapy toxicities (279), while at the same time increasing the effectiveness of �chemotherapy.Property "Has original text" (as page type) with input value "Silibinin (an ingredient of Milk Thistle)</br></br>Silymarin is an extract from the milk thistle plant that has been used extensively in</br>Europe as an antidote for liver toxicity, due to mushroom poisoning and overdoses of</br>tylenol. Its active ingredient is a molecule called silibinin. Recently a great deal of</br>laboratory research has shown it to have anti-cancer effects, which recently have been</br>reviewed (275). Like genistein and quercetin it is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, but it</br>appears to have multiple other effects, including the inhibition of the insulin-like growth</br>factor (IGF) that contributes to the development of chemoresistance (276) (see the section</br>on tamoxifen), and the inhibition of angiogenesis (277). It also inhibits the 5-</br>lipoxygenase inflammatory pathway and suppresses nuclear factor kappa B, which is a</br>primary antagonist to apoptosis (278). It also appears to protect against common</br>chemotherapy toxicities (279), while at the same time increasing the effectiveness of</br>�chemotherapy." contains invalid characters or is incomplete and therefore can cause unexpected results during a query or annotation process.

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